Post Bop

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Part I

Post Bop is a modern jazz style that continues the distinguishing characteristics that separate jazz from the world of pop and rock; swing rhythm and extended harmonies (9th chords 11ths, altered chords, etc). Post Bop grew out of the Hard Bop genre during the early to mid 60s as musicians such as Bill Evans, Wayne Shorter, and Herbie Hancock began to introduce more extended harmonies, abstract structures and looser rhythms in their playing and compositions. When Hancock and Shorter joined Miles Davis’ quintet in the mid-60s, that group became the perfect vehicle for extending the boundaries of what could happen in a Post Bop format. The Miles Davis Quintet albums, "Nefertiti" and "Sorcer", continue to be pinnacles of Post Bop composition and performance. Some styles of free modal jazz, such as Coltrane's "A Love Supreme", are also part of the Post Bop sound. Sometimes referred to as 'spiritual jazz', this style has made a comeback with young musicians, especially in London and Los Angeles.

While still in its infancy, Post Bop was pushed off the radar during the 70s as many of its early proponents pursued the far more lucrative fields of fusion and smooth jazz. As the fusion fad began to fade, musicians began to tire of three chord vamps and the limitations of rock/pop rhythms and yearned to work with sophisticated chord changes and jazz rhythms again. The stage was set in the early 80s for the “young lion” movement and a return to both Post Bop and Hard Bop for a lot of young musicians and their fan base.

Today’s Post Bop covers a wide variety, from radio friendly to borderline avant-garde, and it’s a genre that is still ripe for more exploration. Generally speaking, the difference between Post Bop and Hard Bop is that Hard Bop carries a stronger trace of the blues and a more straight forward driving rhythm, but when you are trying to analyze certain artists or pieces of music, that difference is not always clear. Much of Branford Marsalis's music is a good example of jazz that sits right between post and hard bop. With some music, arguing whether it is Post Bop or Hard Bop becomes pointless, since depending on perspective, either genre can be seen as a subset of the other. Although we use the genre term Post Bop to tag the music described above, in a more generic sense, post bop can be the name of any swing based jazz music created after the passing of the be-bop era.

Part 2 - Post Bop in the New Century

As jazz continues to grow and develop, the worlds of modern fusion and post bop have grown closer together as many musicians; such as Dave Douglas, Craig Taborn, Greg Osby and others, freely mix elements into new hybrids.

At JMA, the distinction between Fusion and Post Bop continues to be that distinctive African syncopation known as "swing". Generally Post Bop should swing, while Fusion, quite often does not. What has changed, as we move further into the 21st century, is the way in which modern drummers are 'swinging'. Inventive drummers such as Jeff "Tain" Watts, Rudy Roystan and others are no longer putting the swing beat solely on the ride cymbal. Instead, they are liable to use any, or all pieces of the drum set at once, while they swing the beat. Also, the swing feel itself is often a bit disguised in modern jazz, it may not be so obvious, and the drummer may move in and out of swing feel, sometimes even within one phrase.

post bop top albums

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JOHN COLTRANE A Love Supreme Album Cover A Love Supreme
JOHN COLTRANE
4.84 | 104 ratings
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HERBIE HANCOCK V.S.O.P.:Tempest in the Colosseum Album Cover V.S.O.P.:Tempest in the Colosseum
HERBIE HANCOCK
4.96 | 10 ratings
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KEITH JARRETT At the Blue Note: The Complete Recordings Album Cover At the Blue Note: The Complete Recordings
KEITH JARRETT
4.85 | 10 ratings
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MCCOY TYNER Sahara Album Cover Sahara
MCCOY TYNER
4.71 | 24 ratings
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HERBIE HANCOCK Empyrean Isles Album Cover Empyrean Isles
HERBIE HANCOCK
4.65 | 33 ratings
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MANU KATCHÉ Neighbourhood Album Cover Neighbourhood
MANU KATCHÉ
4.86 | 5 ratings
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MCCOY TYNER Song for My Lady Album Cover Song for My Lady
MCCOY TYNER
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GARY BURTON Gary Burton / Chick Corea ‎: Crystal Silence Album Cover Gary Burton / Chick Corea ‎: Crystal Silence
GARY BURTON
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HERBIE HANCOCK V.S.O.P. : Five Stars Album Cover V.S.O.P. : Five Stars
HERBIE HANCOCK
5.00 | 3 ratings
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OLD AND NEW DREAMS Playing Album Cover Playing
OLD AND NEW DREAMS
5.00 | 3 ratings
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JOHN COLTRANE Africa / Brass Album Cover Africa / Brass
JOHN COLTRANE
4.60 | 28 ratings
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CHRIS POTTER The Sirens Album Cover The Sirens
CHRIS POTTER
4.77 | 6 ratings
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This list is in progress since the site is new. We invite all logged in members to use the "quick rating" widget (stars bellow album covers) or post full reviews to increase the weight of your rating in the global average value (see FAQ for more details). Enjoy JMA!

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post bop Music Reviews

PAT METHENY Bright Size Life

Album · 1976 · Post Bop
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FunkFreak75
22-year old Pat Metheny's first album as a band leader. Recorded in December of 1975, Pat had been working for a couple years with Jaco Pastorius (most recently/concurrently with Joni Mitchell) whom he had met while in college in Miami. At 28, drummer Bob Moses was the "elder" in the crew, having spent many years on the front lines of the birth and toddling of Jazz-Rock Fusion (including having been the drummer in New York's Free Spirits--the band that is often considered the first to fuse dynamic, loud rock-heavy music into jazz forms as they did it in 1966).

1. "Bright Size Life" (4:45) melodic and incredibly-nuanced virtuosic performances from all three musicians treated with the pristine production of Manfred Eicher's ECM crew. One of my top three songs for the album: It's just so pretty! (9.125/10)

2. "Sirabhorn" (5:29) this one feels like a Pat Metheny song, completely, despite warm support from both Jaco and Bob; for the first three minutes it's all Pat. Then Jaco is given the green light to step into the spotlight--which turns out to be something quite tame and melodic while Bob continues to support with his quiet brushwork underneath. The tandem chord work in the sixth minute is my personal favorite part. (8.875/10) 3. "Unity Village" (3:40) two solo electric guitars: gentle picking chords from the left channel and gentle lead guitar from the right. Previews Pat's 1979 solo masterpiece, New Chautauqua (though not nearly as dynamic and layered). (8.75/10)

4. "Missouri Uncompromised" (4:21) effected jazz guitar with more traditional jazz drumming and jazz bass supporting. Bob's cymbal play becomes more animated in the second minute, reminding me a little of both Tony Williams and Keith Moon while staying as controlled as Jack DeJohnette. Pat's style and melody choices are built over a several riffs that could very well have been extracted from folk music of his native Missouri. (8.875/10)

5. "Midwestern Nights Dream" (6:00) one of Pat's special spacious solo pieces, here using some strong effects on his guitar(s) to amplify the echoing effect of his gentle notes and chords. Jaco and Bob's cymbals join in at the one-minute mark as Pat switches to playing sequences of pure chords. Jaco's counterpoint is spot on center for the first couple minutes but then he starts exploring the off-center harmonic possibilities as he so beautifully can. Bob's heartbeat-like muted bass drum is an interesting choice. In the fifth minute Jaco steps to the front while his electric fretless bass is fed through some kind of multi-tracking chorus-delay effect making it sound as if he's playing either chords or two notes at a time. (Perhaps he is!) These sound choices feel totally fresh and innovative--at least I can say that I have not encountered them in any pre-1976 music that I've heard. Probably my favorite song on the album.(9.3333/10)

6. "Unquity Road" (3:35) a cool jazz tune based on complex and unexpected chord progressions that often sound like a teaching étude. But the sound palette and melodic expressions in between the on-going chord play is as if a bird has flown higher than the flock. And I can never quite tell whether Bob is playing off of the chord progressions or Pat's melodic lead guitar work up top. Truly unusual and unique in its disparate parts but it works. Another top three song. (9.25/10)

7. "Omaha Celebration" (4:18) more interesting fast and continuous chord shifting with the melody now worked into the progressions and Jaco set free fairly early to explore his own counterpoint melodies and while Bob keeps the music anchored in a steady rhythm from beneath and above (the cymbal play). A little more bluesy than anything else on the album (so far) while also feeling the closest to anything being produced in the world of pop music at the time. (8.75/10)

8. "Round Trip/Broadway Blues" (4:58) the "blues" in the Ornette Coleman's title must refer to the old-feeling structure and chords used in this wild West Montgomery-like jazz rompus. Standard space given to each of the musicians for solo shine. I'm sure the guys had fun creating this one--though it probably took some practice to get it so loose and joyfully inspirited. (9.125/10)

Total Time 37:06

A-/five stars; considering the point in the two strings players' careers this album represents, one cannot help but be awed and appreciative of this high-quality, pristinely rendered collection of virtuosic and innovative songs. Even from a prog or Jazz-Rock Fusion perspective one cannot discount the freshness of some of the structures and sound choices here: the envelope of all those combinations and permutations the world of Boss effects pedals is really being pushed here!

MILES DAVIS Seven Steps to Heaven

Album · 1963 · Post Bop
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FunkFreak75
Recorded for Columbia Records in Hollywood (tracks A1, A3, B2) on April 16, 1963 and in New York City (tracks A2, B1, B3) on May 14, 1963.

(Note. This was the beginning of the Quintet, no Wayne Shorter yet but Herbie Hancock, Ron, Carter, Tony Williams were present for 50% of the album.)

A1. "Basin Street Blues" (10:29) a quartet piece (no George Coleman) with Frank Butler on brushes in the right channel, center occupied by Ron Carter and Miles playing his muted, New Orleans-sounding "piccolo" horn (Miles up high and forward), and Victor Feldman's romantic piano in the left channel for the first minutes of this gentle "late night" tune. For the first five minutes this is really calming, but then a little bluesy vim and vinegar creeps into the tune before Miles finally backs down to allow someone else a chance to have some shine. Victor at the end of the seventh minute (where I keep expecting Frank Sinatra or Sammy Davis, Jr. to step in with an impassioned "hep cat" vocal) and then a return to Miles to close. Nice--though nothing that wows me or that will replace my memories of other great Miles tunes (like "Flamenco Sketches"). (17.75/20)

A2. "Seven Steps To Heaven" (6:24) clean, clear sound with acoustic double bass front and center, clean, clear capture of Tony Williams' crisp drumming relegated to the right channel, Herbie Hancock's choppy-style of piano zip occupying the left, George Coleman's tenor sax also in the right, and Miles' intimate trumpet front and center. My favorite parts are in the final minute when Miles and George harmonize the speedy melody in perfect unison. Fun tune--though fully-entrenched in the be-bop category. (9/10)

A3. "I Fall In Love To Easily" (6:47) a pretty late-night quartet cover of the Julie Styne Sammy Cahn classic has Frank Butler playing with some gentle stick play while a very active and smoothly melodic bass plays from Ron Carter while Victor Feldman accents and bridges from the left. Miles is up front with his muted trumpet again but for some reason he doesn't feel like the show on this one as he did on "Basin Street Blues": the performances of Ron and Victor feel equally important. I like the more respectful and collaborative feel of this one. (13.375/15)

B1. "So Near, So Far" (7:00) a cover of a Tony Crombie & Bennie Green composition, this turns out to be the most progressive and refreshing tune on the album as each of the musicians seems to be working in their own universes while being cleverly overlayed as they are all woven together quite magically as one beautiful (though busy) tapestry. Herbie and Tony are present on this one with both adding their own syncopated accents beneath Miles' dominant- though-relaxed open trumpet play. George Coleman is given the green light for a solo in the third and fourth minutes. Starting out rather stiffly he sticks to the script pretty tightly for the first minute, but then he loosens up and starts to slur and spew some cool little riffs and flourishes. Herbie is given the sixth minute before the band returns to the neat little five-part harmony weave for the final minute. I like this song! (13.75/15)

B2. "Baby Won't You Please Come Home" (8:27) a more traditional slow swing song with Miles playing a muted trumpet and Victor Feldman and Frank Butler sitting in behind him with Ron (no George). The song is a Charles Warfield and Clarence Williams (grandfather of contemporary stage and film actor, Clarence Williams III) composition from way back in 1919, here given shifting tempos throughout the song (my favorite thing about the song). Though considered a blues classic, Miles, Ron, and Victor have definitely brought it fully into the realm of jazz. Other Miles, Victor is the only other significant soloist on this quartet performance. (17.75/20)

B3. "Joshua" (7:01) the third and final song involving the full quintet, all parts are up and running from the opening notes: Ron walking all over that upright fretboard, Tony contributing his otherworldly syncopated and off-center accents, Herbie stretching out his harmonic gifts, while Miles and George explore the melodic possibilities up top. A great, adventurous, spirited, and highly-creative tune that really puts on full display the talents of these artists. It's so nice to hear Herbie, Ron, and Tony given a short leash: feeling alive! (14.125/15)

Total Time: 46:20

Though produced by Miles' longtime "finisher," Teo Mecero, this was still before the explosion of new sound engineering ideas and possibilities had emerged, so there is more of Miles and the band here than Teo's cut-and- splicing. Too bad that there are no original compositions on this album--especially with all of the talent he's got with him.

Though not a Jazz-Rock Fusion album--and by no means exhibiting the fire and brimstone of the fully-formed "Second Great Quintet"--there are a couple of songs here that push the envelope of traditional and accepted jazz modalities a bit ("So Near, So Far" and "Joshua").

A-/4.5 stars; a very solid contribution of skillful and accessible Jazz that shows some interesting ideas being developed in Miles' thinking.

JOHN PATITUCCI Spirit Fall

Album · 2025 · Post Bop
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Steve Wyzard
HOPE

It's hard to believe that John Patitucci will be 66 this year and has been in "the business" for over 40 years. It seems like only yesterday (the mid-1980s to be precise) that he was being introduced as the new, unstoppable "jazz bassist of the future". Now that the future is here, so is Patitucci with his first solo album in 6 years, Spirit Fall, on Edition Records. Recorded in one day in August 2024, this album features Chris Potter on saxes/bass clarinet, Brian Blade on drums/percussion, and is a rarity in the Patitucci catalog for being an unaccompanied trio.

Previous Patitucci albums have been known to include a "cast of thousands", so to hear his playing in a stripped-down, non-chordal trio like this is a major selling point. Having performed with both Potter and Blade on many occasions in the past, he tells us in the liner notes that the session for Spirit Fall was "natural and effortless". He performs on acoustic bass on 6 of the 10 tracks, while on tracks 4-7 he brings out his 6-string electric bass.

Throughout the album, the emphasis is on group interplay first, with solos not as extended as one might have expected. If I could recommend just one track to sample, it would be the dynamic "Lipim" (which means "hope" in the Yemba language), Spirit Fall's fastest composition. With Potter multi-tracking his tenor and an amazing Blade performance, the listener is left wishing this could have gone on much longer than 7:39. Other highlights include the impressionistic "Thoughts and Dreams", the title track's soprano sax and cadential close, Potter's bass clarinet intro to "Light in the Darkness", and Patitucci's solo spotlight on their cover of Wayne Shorter's "House of Jade".

Don't let the mysterious album cover fool you: Spirit Fall is light and breezy, and already a contender for Jazz Album of the Year. The final track, "Sonrisa" seems to sum everything up with a Latin/Caribbean swing and a miraculous duet between Patitucci and Blade. While previous Patitucci albums were known for running long, Spirit Fall's 59:01 runtime is just right. If you are familiar with these players, this album is self-recommending.

JERRY KALAF Safe Travels

Album · 2024 · Post Bop
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Carmel
Great jazz is always a conversation between players, instruments, traditions, and between past and future styles. "Safe Travels" is drummer and composer Jerry Kalaf's project that orchestrates a meeting of musical minds and instruments. At the heart of this record is an inspired interplay between Kalaf's jazz trio, featuring pianist Tom Ranier and bassist Trey Henry, and the ATLYS string quartet, comprised of violinists Sabrina Tabby and Jinty McTavish, violist Erin Rafferty, and cellist Genevieve Tabby. With the skilled hand of Doug Walter guiding the orchestrations, the result is an album that traverses lush harmonic landscapes, flowing rhythmic contours, and a seamless blending of jazz tradition with chamber music sophistication.

The album opens with "263 Beacon," a flowing jazz waltz that immediately displays the textural depth of a jazz trio and string quartet. Ranier's piano leads the way, supported by Henry's warm bass foundation and Kalaf's sensitive, propulsive drumming. The strings add colors and textures before stepping into the spotlight in the second section, where they take the lead with a rich, singing quality. Ranier's piano solo, elegantly styled in a swing waltz, is accompanied by the ATLYS strings, whose background textures lend a cinematic touch. A string interlude leads to an exchange of phrases between Kalaf and the quartet, showcasing his melodic approach to drumming. The composition keeps our interest in its textural development, with each section unfolding naturally to reveal new shades of color.

"Another Summer" has an abstract introduction, with the strings and drums painting broad strokes of color and dissonance before easing into a light, lyrical bossa nova-based melody. The blend of piano and strings creates a sweeping emotional arc, as Kalaf subtly shifts his drumming into the warm hues of Latin percussion sounds on the set. Ranier's solo builds with lyrical intensity, leading into an unaccompanied string interlude that highlights the quartet's beautiful voicings and counterpoint. Henry's bass solo, emerging at the end of this section, is performed with elegance, his round pizzicato tones blending warmly with the string ensemble before the return of the melody. The result is a feel-good composition, performed with remarkable musicianship.

The swing ballad "At the End of the Day" introduces itself with a gorgeous string quartet and acoustic bass introduction, setting the stage for a piece rich in sonorities. Kalaf's brushwork is a study in restraint and motion as he matches delicately with insistent, always propelling the feel forward. The midpoint features exquisite string writing, reinforcing the dialogue between the jazz trio and the quartet. Kalaf's drumming functions as the glue, ensuring the ensemble's momentum remains fluid and dynamic. The balance of space and movement in this piece makes for an immersive listening experience.

"Bailing" shifts gears with a rubato trio introduction, seamlessly flowing from the preceding track. This piece is a study in contrast with sections of rubato that give way to tempo changes, creating a structure that breathes and evolves. Kalaf's drum solo is particularly enjoyable, maintaining a strong melodic contour while dynamically shifting textures and rhythmic melodies. As the track builds, an up-tempo swing feel emerges, giving the piece a sense of forward momentum and development.

The tender ballad "Epilogue" takes a more introspective turn, with each member of the jazz trio taking the lead in different sections. The string quartet provides a flowing, soft-hued backdrop, enhancing the ballad's emotive depth. The interplay between the musicians is exemplary, with each phrase carefully placed within the larger arc of the composition. The writing and performance here are particularly striking in their clarity and warmth.

"Perspectives" introduces a medium jazz waltz feel, diving into the string quartet's full-color palette. Lush harmonies and expressive phrasing shape the composition, which unfolds logically through its form. A free improvisation in the middle section allows the ensemble members to engage in an organic, evolving conversation, gradually building in intensity. Freedom within structure is one of the album's defining qualities, and this track exemplifies that balance beautifully.

With "Safe Travels," the album's title track, Kalaf and his ensemble embrace a broader sonic expanse. Opening with evocative 20th-century classical sonorities in the string quartet, the piece gradually develops into a deeply moving jazz ballad. Ranier's piano work is particularly poignant, his touch imbued with emotion and a deep understanding of the jazz language. This track encapsulates the album's essence, a seamless integration of jazz tradition and contemporary classical elements.

The album closes on a bright note with "Shearing," a happy medium swing piece where the trio and quartet intertwine effortlessly. The strings oscillate between percussive patterns and long, flowing harmonies, adding rhythmic vitality and depth. Henry's bass solo carries shades of the blues, grounding the piece in an earthy, soulful space. It's a fitting conclusion to an album that consistently finds common ground between seemingly disparate musical worlds.

"Safe Travels" is an album that rewards close listening, revealing its intricacies with each spin. Kalaf, a drummer of remarkable sensitivity and compositional depth, has delivered an album that speaks across genres and generations. Whether you're drawn to the harmonic richness of chamber music or the rhythmic interplay of jazz, this album offers a journey worth taking in.

KEITH JARRETT Jan Garbarek, Keith Jarrett, Palle Danielsson, Jon Christensen : Belonging

Album · 1974 · Post Bop
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FunkFreak75
Recorded in for ECM Records on April 24 & 25 of 1974, this was Keith Jarrett's first collaboration with this European quartet--an ensemble that became known as "The Belonging Quartet" due to this album's title and which whom he would collaborate with some frequency over the next 20 years. The album included all Jarrett compositions recorded by Manfred Eicher in single takes (Keith was adamant about not doing multiple takes of any songs--and minimal rehearsal--and, apparently, quite a stickler for his "rules.")

A1. "Spiral Dance" (4:08) the drum and piano intro is okay (reminding me a lot of Jay Beckenstein's SPYRO GYRA) but then when Jan Garbarek's sax(es) join in and Palle Danielsson lets loose it really pops and swings. When Jan is leading the melody-making the music definitely feels more J-R Fusionen, but when it's just the piano trio it feels more like basic, standard jazz. (8.875/10)

A2. "Blossom" (12:18) a solo piano intro is joined at the end of the first minute by "Aud Lange Syne" sax play and spacious bass and brushed drums (mostly snare and cymbals), still, it's kind of cool how Jan plays within and outside of (but definitely connected to) Keith's improvisational piano playing. Again, I find myself reminded over and over of a Christmas song: like Nat King Cole's "Christmas Song." A little too close for comfort, despite the improvisational weaving. Also a lot of VINCE GUARALDI-like style and note-choosing from Keith. I can see why people credit Keith as being an heir to the great Bill Evans (even though Bill was still alive during the decade this album was made). But then, as with the previous song, the Jarrett soloing (and withdrawal of Jan's saxes) yields a far more standard jazz palette and less of an experimental Fusion feel. In the ninth minute there is a lovely "conversation" between Keith and Palle: these guys really are connecting--all of them--though Jon's play on the kit is pure support. As a song, something that I enjoy, this is great. As a display of leading-edge J-R Fuse it is rather poor--which makes it quite the challenge to rate. Keith Jarrett's hypnotic mastery of his instrument certainly makes it special. (22.375/25)

A3. "'Long As You Know You're Living Yours" (6:11) some gospel-sounding blues that's here given a full band treatment. When Jan Garbarek joins in with his saxophone in the second minute I am immediately taken into the world of 1970s (early) DAVID SANBORN. Though David made some great, even iconic songs ("The Chicago Song" to be sure) that sonorous almost whiny and "dirty" distorted sound that he introduced to the world on Todd Rundgren's Initiation album has never really sat well with me--in fact, may even have contributed to my dislike (or helped me to realize that I had no love) for the saxophone. (8.5/10)

B1. "Belonging" (2:12) a piano piece that seems to borrow, both melodically and harmonically, from other famous song riffs (that I'm unable to pinpoint at the moment). (4.375/5)

B2. "The Windup" (8:26) more joyful, upbeat, regionally-inspired (New Orleans?) piano-based music that conjures up the music of modern day spiritual savant, JON BATISTE. Despite the rollicking happy feel, this feels more jazzy than fusion; perhaps the closest instrument to infusing rock, folk, or world styles would be the drumming of Jon Christensen. His work here is also extraordinary. I mean, all of the performances here are virtuosic, but, for me, Christensen's drumming really stands out. (17.5/20)

B3. "Solstice" (13:15) contemplative piano and bass are soon joined by a-little-more-sonorous sax and brilliantly-reactive piano. Everybody is pretty much improvising (Jon merely doing occasional brush or cymbal work in the background) but Keith Jarrett's ability to play off of the others--especially Jan's saxophone--is quite extraordinary. (This may be my first instance of truly appreciating and understanding the near-universal acclaim and adulation Mr. Jarrett has always garnered from critics.) I can only imagine how the others--despite each of their own virtuosity--must, at times, get lost in Keith's genius--even cower in the light of his almost-superhuman powers. It's songs like these that always serve to diminish my esteem for the instruments that are restricted to single expression (like, here, Jan's saxophone). Though I've often found myself marveling at Jan Garbarek's saxophone playing (especially for the companions he selects to collaborate with), this is one of those songs that just makes me feel, "He's just a saxophone player." Also becoming obvious to me as I listen to this song is how much Keith Jarrett's playing style must have influenced that of Pat Metheny's primary collaborator: Lyle Mays. While I don't love this song (it is not one of those songs that I'm going to play because of the emotional response it evokes in me; if I did choose to play it, it would be more for the intellectual interest and experience) I appreciate the genius on display through it. (27/30) Total time: 56:30

B/four stars; an excellent jazz album of from four virtuosic musicians.

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